PREDICTING PERCEIVED COMPLEXITY USING LOCAL CONTRAST STATISTICS AND FRACTAL INFORMATION
Résumé
This study aims to explore visual complexity in streetscape composition using RMS contrast information and Fractal Analysis.
The dataset was composed of 74 streetscape images, taken in Algeria and Japan in daytime and nighttime. The evaluation and
analysis covered two phases: (1) Subjective quantification of perceived complexity using ranking method. (2) Visual
complexity measurement based on RMS contrast statistics and fractal characteristics of the streetscape images. The results
showed a positive correlation between the subjective ranking of complexity in streetscape images and the proposed measure of
visual complexity “α” as well as with the fractal dimension Db
Références
Predicting Perceived Complexity Using Local Contrast Statistics and Fractal Information
97
Building and the Urban Skyline: The Effect of Visual
Complexity on Preferences, Environment and
Behavior, Vol. 32, No. 4, pp. 541-556
[30] Kakei, H. and Mizuno, S., (1990). Fractal Analysis of
Street Forms, Journal of Architecture, Planning and
Environmental Engineering, Vol. 8, No. 414, pp. 103-
108
[31] Rodin, V. and Rodina, E., (2000). The fractal
dimension of Tokyo's streets, Fractals Vol. 8 pp. 413-
418
[32] Taylor, R.P., Sprott, J.C., (2008). Biophilic Fractals
and the Visual Journey of Organic Screen-savers,
Nonlinear Dynamics, Psychology, and Life Sciences,
Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 117-129.
[33] Moulden, B., Kingdom F., Gatley L F. (1990). The
standard deviation of luminance as a metric for
contrast in random-dot images, Perception 19(1), pp.
79-101[1] Ashihara, Y. (1983). The Aesthetic Townscape,
Translate by: E. Riggs L., MIT press, Cambridge
London
[2] Matsumoto, N. et al. (1997). Physical and mental
factors of anticipation in the streetscape, MERA
International Conference on Environment-Behavior
Studies for the 21st Century, pp: 283-286.
[3] Côte, M. (1993). L'Algérie ou l'Espace retourné,
Édition Média plus, Constantine.
[4] Cullen, G. (1961). Townscape, Architectural Press,
London.
[5] Messinger, S. M. (1998). Pleasure and complexity:
Berlyne revisited. The Journal of Psychology, Vol.
132, pp. 558-560.
[6] Nasar, J. (2002). What design for a presidential
library? Complexity, typicality, order and historical
significance, Empirical Studies of the Arts, Vol. 20,
pp. 83-99.
[7] Osborne, J. W., Farley, F. H. (1970). The relationship
between aesthetic preference and visual complexity in
abstract art, Psychonomic Science, Vol. 19, pp. 69-70.
[8] Stamps, A. E. (2002). Entropy, visual diversity, and
preference, The Journal of General Psychology, Vol.
129, pp. 300-320.
[9] Berlyne, D. E., Ogilvie, J. C., & Parham, L. C. C.
(1968). The dimensionality of visual complexity,
interestingness, and pleasingness. Canadian Journal of
Psychology, Vol. 22, pp. 376-387.
[10] Hall, A. C. (1969). Measures of the complexity of
random black and white and colored stimuli.
Perceptual and Motor Skills, Vol. 29, pp. 773-774.
[11] Nicki, R. M. (1972). Arousal increment and degree of
complexity as incentive. British Journal of
Psychology, Vol. 63, pp. 165-171.
[12] Matsumoto, N., Teranishi, N. & Senda, M. (1991).
Studies on factors of disorder and regularity in the
street view: Studies on disorder and regularity in the
central business district -Part 1-, Journal of
architecture, planning and environmental engineering,
No. 429, pp. 73-82.
[13] Seta, S, Matsumoto N, Tanabe J. (2003). A study on
usefulness of Fourier Transform Method for
Evaluating Streetscapes, Journal of architecture,
planning and environmental engineering, No. 569, pp.
85-92.
[14] Mansouri, A., Matsumoto N. (2010). Study of entropy
as a background of complexity in the visual
composition of daytime streetscapes in Algeria and
Japan, proceeding of the 8th International Symposium
on Architecture in Asia, AIJ, Kitakyushu, pp. 1201-
1204.
[15] Levien, R. (2003). Resolution-Dependence of
Perceived Contrast of Textures.
http://www.levien.com/artofcode/ei04/contrast.pdf
[2012 – 09 – 10].
[16] Frazor, R.A., Geisler, W.S. (2006). Local luminance
and contrast in natural images, Vision Research, Vol.
46, pp.1585-1598.
[17] Bex, P.J. et al. (2009). Contrast sensitivity in natural
scenes depends on edge as well as spatial frequency
structure, Journal of Vision, Vol. 9(10), pp.1-19.
[18] Mandelbrot, B.B. (1982) The Fractal Geometry of
Nature. W.H. Freeman, New York
[19] Taylor, R. P., Micolich, A.P., & Jonas, D. (1999a).
Fractal analysis of Pollock's drip paintings. Nature,
399, 422.
[20] Taylor, R. P., Micolich, A. P., & Jonas, D. (1999b).
Fractal expressionism. Physics World, 12, pp. 25-28.
[21] Taylor, R. P., Micolich, A. P., & Jonas, D. (2002). The
construction of Pollock's fractal drip paintings.
Leonardo, 35, 203.
[22] Gouyet, J. F. (1996). Physics and fractal structures.
New York: Springer.
[23] Mandelbrot, B. B. (1977). Fractals: Form, Chance, and
Dimension. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman and
Company,
[24] Batty, M., Longley, P. (1994). Fractal cities: A
Geometry of Form and Function, Academic press,
London.
[25] Frankhauser, P. (1994). La Fractalite des structures
urbaines, Anthropos, Paris.
[26] Oku, T., (1990). On visual complexity of the urban
skyline'' Journal of Planning, Architecture and
Environmental Engineering, Vol. 412, pp.61-71
[27] Cooper, J., (2003). Fractal assessment of street level
skylines: a possible means of assessing and comparing
character, Urban Morphology, Vol. 7(2), pp. 73-82
[28] Cooper, J. (2005). Assessing Urban Character: The
Use of Fractal Analysis of Street Edges. Urban
Morphology 9(2), pp. 95-107.
[29] Heath, T., Smith, S. G. and Lim, B., (2000). Tall
97
Building and the Urban Skyline: The Effect of Visual
Complexity on Preferences, Environment and
Behavior, Vol. 32, No. 4, pp. 541-556
[30] Kakei, H. and Mizuno, S., (1990). Fractal Analysis of
Street Forms, Journal of Architecture, Planning and
Environmental Engineering, Vol. 8, No. 414, pp. 103-
108
[31] Rodin, V. and Rodina, E., (2000). The fractal
dimension of Tokyo's streets, Fractals Vol. 8 pp. 413-
418
[32] Taylor, R.P., Sprott, J.C., (2008). Biophilic Fractals
and the Visual Journey of Organic Screen-savers,
Nonlinear Dynamics, Psychology, and Life Sciences,
Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 117-129.
[33] Moulden, B., Kingdom F., Gatley L F. (1990). The
standard deviation of luminance as a metric for
contrast in random-dot images, Perception 19(1), pp.
79-101[1] Ashihara, Y. (1983). The Aesthetic Townscape,
Translate by: E. Riggs L., MIT press, Cambridge
London
[2] Matsumoto, N. et al. (1997). Physical and mental
factors of anticipation in the streetscape, MERA
International Conference on Environment-Behavior
Studies for the 21st Century, pp: 283-286.
[3] Côte, M. (1993). L'Algérie ou l'Espace retourné,
Édition Média plus, Constantine.
[4] Cullen, G. (1961). Townscape, Architectural Press,
London.
[5] Messinger, S. M. (1998). Pleasure and complexity:
Berlyne revisited. The Journal of Psychology, Vol.
132, pp. 558-560.
[6] Nasar, J. (2002). What design for a presidential
library? Complexity, typicality, order and historical
significance, Empirical Studies of the Arts, Vol. 20,
pp. 83-99.
[7] Osborne, J. W., Farley, F. H. (1970). The relationship
between aesthetic preference and visual complexity in
abstract art, Psychonomic Science, Vol. 19, pp. 69-70.
[8] Stamps, A. E. (2002). Entropy, visual diversity, and
preference, The Journal of General Psychology, Vol.
129, pp. 300-320.
[9] Berlyne, D. E., Ogilvie, J. C., & Parham, L. C. C.
(1968). The dimensionality of visual complexity,
interestingness, and pleasingness. Canadian Journal of
Psychology, Vol. 22, pp. 376-387.
[10] Hall, A. C. (1969). Measures of the complexity of
random black and white and colored stimuli.
Perceptual and Motor Skills, Vol. 29, pp. 773-774.
[11] Nicki, R. M. (1972). Arousal increment and degree of
complexity as incentive. British Journal of
Psychology, Vol. 63, pp. 165-171.
[12] Matsumoto, N., Teranishi, N. & Senda, M. (1991).
Studies on factors of disorder and regularity in the
street view: Studies on disorder and regularity in the
central business district -Part 1-, Journal of
architecture, planning and environmental engineering,
No. 429, pp. 73-82.
[13] Seta, S, Matsumoto N, Tanabe J. (2003). A study on
usefulness of Fourier Transform Method for
Evaluating Streetscapes, Journal of architecture,
planning and environmental engineering, No. 569, pp.
85-92.
[14] Mansouri, A., Matsumoto N. (2010). Study of entropy
as a background of complexity in the visual
composition of daytime streetscapes in Algeria and
Japan, proceeding of the 8th International Symposium
on Architecture in Asia, AIJ, Kitakyushu, pp. 1201-
1204.
[15] Levien, R. (2003). Resolution-Dependence of
Perceived Contrast of Textures.
http://www.levien.com/artofcode/ei04/contrast.pdf
[2012 – 09 – 10].
[16] Frazor, R.A., Geisler, W.S. (2006). Local luminance
and contrast in natural images, Vision Research, Vol.
46, pp.1585-1598.
[17] Bex, P.J. et al. (2009). Contrast sensitivity in natural
scenes depends on edge as well as spatial frequency
structure, Journal of Vision, Vol. 9(10), pp.1-19.
[18] Mandelbrot, B.B. (1982) The Fractal Geometry of
Nature. W.H. Freeman, New York
[19] Taylor, R. P., Micolich, A.P., & Jonas, D. (1999a).
Fractal analysis of Pollock's drip paintings. Nature,
399, 422.
[20] Taylor, R. P., Micolich, A. P., & Jonas, D. (1999b).
Fractal expressionism. Physics World, 12, pp. 25-28.
[21] Taylor, R. P., Micolich, A. P., & Jonas, D. (2002). The
construction of Pollock's fractal drip paintings.
Leonardo, 35, 203.
[22] Gouyet, J. F. (1996). Physics and fractal structures.
New York: Springer.
[23] Mandelbrot, B. B. (1977). Fractals: Form, Chance, and
Dimension. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman and
Company,
[24] Batty, M., Longley, P. (1994). Fractal cities: A
Geometry of Form and Function, Academic press,
London.
[25] Frankhauser, P. (1994). La Fractalite des structures
urbaines, Anthropos, Paris.
[26] Oku, T., (1990). On visual complexity of the urban
skyline'' Journal of Planning, Architecture and
Environmental Engineering, Vol. 412, pp.61-71
[27] Cooper, J., (2003). Fractal assessment of street level
skylines: a possible means of assessing and comparing
character, Urban Morphology, Vol. 7(2), pp. 73-82
[28] Cooper, J. (2005). Assessing Urban Character: The
Use of Fractal Analysis of Street Edges. Urban
Morphology 9(2), pp. 95-107.
[29] Heath, T., Smith, S. G. and Lim, B., (2000). Tall
Comment citer
KACHA, L. et al.
PREDICTING PERCEIVED COMPLEXITY USING LOCAL CONTRAST STATISTICS AND FRACTAL INFORMATION.
Courrier du Savoir, [S.l.], v. 16, mai 2014.
ISSN 1112-3338.
Disponible à l'adresse : >https://revues.univ-biskra.dz./index.php/cds/article/view/391>. Date de consultation : 14 nov. 2024
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